Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) teaches the patient to recognize a deteriorating mood with the goal of avoiding self-perpetuating patterns of ruminative, negative thoughts and thus depressive disorders. MBCT was initially conceived as an intervention to prevent relapse of major depression, but it has since been studied in patients with current episodes of depression. MBCT has been shown to nearly halve the risk of relapse in persons currently well with a history of at least 3 prior episodes of depression and is comparable to the use of an antidepressant in preventing recurrence. Although theoretical drawbacks exist to using MBCT in a currently depressed patient, randomized controlled data suggest it may be as effective in currently depressed patients as those in remission and similar in efficacy to cognitive-behavioral therapy.