Objective To develop the Tibetan Medicine constitution questionnaire (TMCQ) in order to provide a standardized instrument for the identification of Tibetan Medicine's constitutional types. Methods International standardized work flow for scale development was applied in the study. Under the guidance of Tibetan Medicine theory, items for the questionnaire were developed based on account of the records from Tibetan Medical classics and suggestions of 12 Tibetan Medicine experts, to devise the first draft of the questionnaire. Next, we recruited 15 adults to have a test of the draft to evaluate its linguistic accuracy, based on which, the draft was modified. Then a cross-sectional survey involving 300 adults aging from 18 to 65 was conducted by using the modified questionnaire. The quality of the questionnaire was evaluated by using item analysis, internal consistency reliability and content validity tests. Results The TMCQ could be divided into three sub-scales: rlung type, mkhris-pa type and bad-kan type. It contained 37 items covering four dimensions including physiological function, psychological feature and character, pathological characteristics and adaptability to environment. The Cronbach α coefficients of the three sub-scales were 0.7159, 0.6914, and 0.7022. Twelve Tibetan Medicine experts' consensus degree was over 83.3% (10/12) on each item of TMCQ. Conclusion It is feasible to apply methods of scale development to the standardization study of Tibetan constitutional medicine although the TMCQ needs to be further improved. (English)