The article discusses hypoxic pathophysiology and high-altitude medicine as of December 2012, with a focus on the therapeutic effects of traditional Tibetan medicine Ratanasampil (RNSP) on β-amyloid (Aβ) pathologies and its potential role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatments. Topics include Aβ peptide production and its connection to chronic hypoxia, the use of AD transgenic mouse models, and C-terminal fragment (CTF) densitometry. Additional information is presented on the tumor necrosis factor (TNF).