This searchable online resource also has a browseable timeline of philosophy and a keyword index, the entries of both of which are linked to their respective encyclopedia articles. (Steven Weinberger 2004-07-14)
Mindfulness training is increasingly being recommended as a means of fostering clinical skill development as well as stress reduction among trainees in the helping professions. However, existing mindfulness training protocols are often lengthy, making it challenging to integrate them into standard curricula, and mindfulness-based interventions have not yet been adapted to address clinical training goals. We conducted a mixed-methods study to investigate the effects of integrating a small dose of mindfulness training—only 10 min per session—into a clinical interviewing class with a new population, namely beginning social work students. Results demonstrated that students valued the training, saw it as relevant to their role as a clinical practitioner, and continued to draw on the training once they transitioned to their work with clients in the field. Students in the intervention group reported significant changes in counseling self-efficacy, but not in well-being in comparison to a nonrandomized cohort control group at posttest. Students’ long-term engagement in mindfulness practice at program entry was correlated with their degree of improvement in counseling self-efficacy over the course of the training. The results of this study suggest that even small doses of mindfulness training that do not appreciably alter students’ well-being may nevertheless play a role in fostering clinical skill development. Student responses to open-ended questions in the intervention group revealed that they drew on mindfulness to increase their ability to be present, open, and emotionally available and responsive to their clients in session. Students identified mindfulness as key to their clinical learning process.
<p>The article describes the rites and rituals of the Jirels of eastern Nepal. The Jirels practice Lamaistic Buddhism but also visit Hindu shrines according to Bista (1980:71). The Jirels are distributed among clans and every clan worships their kul devata. The assembly of clansmen to worship their kul devata is an overt expression of their common identity as members of their respective descent groups. The different clans worship different deities. The Devlinga and Meyokpa clans worship Nangy Laha, Garchiga worship Cheramjo, the Serba and Thurbido and Chungpate clans worship Chyomu. (Rajeev Ranjan Singh 2006-10-14)</p>
<p>The article discusses the traditional Jirel political structure. The Jirels are the indigenous population occupying the Jiri valley in the Dolakha district of eastern Nepal. The article attempts to describe the position of the Jirels within the local political structure and to determine some of the factors that continue to keep them at the bottom of the political and economic hierarchy. The article writes about the participation of Jiri in politics in the panchayat period and post multi-party period. (Rajeev Ranjan Singh 2006-10-11)</p>
Describing one of the most important practices of hathayoga (khecarimudra), the Khecarividya of Adinatha is presented here to an English-speaking readership for the first time. The author, James Mallinson, draws on thirty Sanskrit works, as well as original fieldwork amongst yogins in India who use the practice, to demonstrate how earlier tantric yogic techniques developed and mutated into the practices of hathayoga. Accompanied by an introduction and an extensively annotated translation, the work sheds light on the development of hathayoga and its practices.
Social contact promotes enhanced health and well-being, likely as a function of the social regulation of emotional responding in the face of various life stressors. For this functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, 16 married women were subjected to the threat of electric shock while holding their husband's hand, the hand of an anonymous male experimenter, or no hand at all. Results indicated a pervasive attenuation of activation in the neural systems supporting emotional and behavioral threat responses when the women held their husband's hand. A more limited attenuation of activation in these systems occurred when they held the hand of a stranger. Most strikingly, the effects of spousal hand-holding on neural threat responses varied as a function of marital quality, with higher marital quality predicting less threat-related neural activation in the right anterior insula, superior frontal gyrus, and hypothalamus during spousal, but not stranger, hand-holding.
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Substance use is a pervasive health problem. Therapeutic community (TC) is an established substance abuse treatment but TC environments are stressful and dropout rates are high. Mindfulness-based TC (MBTC) intervention was developed to address TC stress and support self-change that could impact treatment retention. Self-change was assessed through feeling and thinking word-use in written stories of stress from 140 TC residents in a historical control group and 253 TC residents in a MBTC intervention group. Data were collected 5 times over a 9-month period. Linguistic analysis showed no differences between the groups over time; however, over all time points, the MBTC intervention group used fewer negative emotion words than the TC control group. Also, negative emotion (P < .01) and anxiety (P < .01) word-use decreased whereas positive emotion word-use increased (P < .05) over time in both groups. Descriptive data from linguistic analyses indicated that sustained self-change demands participation in mindfulness behaviors beyond the instructor-guided MBTC intervention.
The creator of SEALFIT and bestselling author, Mark Divine, is capable of nearly superhuman feats… and he’s here on the show with me today talking about some really deep stuff, including the difference between a Master and a thug and why it’s important to merge the heart and the mind into our actions.
This week we have a fan-favorite with retired Navy SEAL commander and New York Times bestselling author, Mark Divine. Mark takes his deep training and expertise as a Navy SEAL and applies it to business, mental toughness, and living a better life.
Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) is thought to reduce emotional reactivity and enhance emotion regulation in patients with social anxiety disorder (SAD). The goal of this study was to examine the neural correlates of deploying attention to regulate responses to negative self-beliefs using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Participants were 56 patients with generalized SAD in a randomized controlled trial who were assigned to MBSR or a comparison aerobic exercise (AE) stress reduction program. Compared to AE, MBSR yielded greater (i) reductions in negative emotion when implementing regulation and (ii) increases in attention-related parietal cortical regions. Meditation practice was associated with decreases in negative emotion and social anxiety symptom severity, and increases in attention-related parietal cortex neural responses when implementing attention regulation of negative self-beliefs. Changes in attention regulation during MBSR may be an important psychological factor that helps to explain how mindfulness meditation training benefits patients with anxiety disorders.
The role of values-based action in facilitating change is central to Acceptance and Commitment Therapy but more peripheral in more traditional mindfulness-based interventions. This paper examined the role of values-based action in the relationship between mindfulness and both eudemonic and hedonic well-being in two samples—an undergraduate sample (n = 630) and a postgraduate sample (n = 199). It was hypothesized that mindfulness would be related to well-being indirectly through values-based action, measured as decreases in psychological barriers to values-based action and increases in values-congruent behavior. In both samples, significant indirect effects were identified from mindfulness to hedonic and eudemonic well-being through values-based action. These studies provide initial evidence that mindfulness effects well-being partly through facilitating meaningful behavioral change. The implication of this finding is that mindfulness interventions may be enhanced with an explicit focus on values clarification and the application of mindfulness to values-based behavior.
Three patients with complete resection of the corpus callosum were tested in a series of memory tasks to determine the effects of callosotomy on the encoding and retrieval of information in memory. Verbal and pictorial conjunction tests were administered to measure patients' ability to consolidate the elements of a stimulus into an accurate composite memory. Patients were also tested in a paired-associate learning task to determine the consequences of callosotomy on the encoding and retrieval of associations between stimuli. Although callosotomy patients were unimpaired in the verbal conjunction task, results from both the pictorial conjunction task and the paired-associate learning task suggest that the absence of callosal cross-talk impairs encoding in these patients. In addition, the pattern of results in the paired-associate learning task suggests that callosotomy impairs retrieval processes. The role of the callosum in the formation of memory traces for nonverbal material and associations between verbal stimuli is discussed.
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<p>The article addresses the issue of mental illness. It argues that little effort has been devoted to mental health issues in Nepal and discusses this issue by studying a sample of 221 households with 1200 residents among the Jirel ethnic group in Jiri. The article includes the tabulated data on rates of psychiatric disorders in Jiri (Nepal) and the United States. The article provides an epidemiological description of the rates of mental disorder in Jiri, Nepal, using survey-based measurements. (Rajeev Ranjan Singh 2006-10-12)</p>
Intensive training in Vipassana meditation enhances one's ability to allocate attention efficiently in order to detect visual targets accurately. Behavioral and event-related potential evidence for a causal link between behavioral training and brain plasticity in adults is shown.
Zotero Collections:
- Classical Buddhist Contemplation Practices,
- Buddhist Contemplation by Applied Subject,
- Contemplation by Applied Subject,
- Contemplation by Tradition,
- Neuroscience and Buddhist Contemplation,
- Science and Buddhist Contemplation,
- Neuroscience and Contemplation,
- Practices of Buddhist Contemplation,
- Insight (vipashyana, lhaktong),
- Science and Contemplation,
- Buddhist Contemplation
Intensive training in Vipassana meditation enhances one's ability to allocate attention efficiently in order to detect visual targets accurately. Behavioral and event-related potential evidence for a causal link between behavioral training and brain plasticity in adults is shown.
Zotero Collections:
Mindfulness has been a focus of psychological research and practice in recent decades. Yet, there is limited research on the relationship between mindfulness and vocational decision-making. This study’s purpose was to examine the role of mindfulness in a career context by investigating the relationships among mindfulness, decisionmaking style, negative career thoughts, and vocational identity. The sample included 258 undergraduate students (204 women, 54 men) at a large southeastern U.S. university. Mindfulness was significantly (p < .01) associated with fewer negative career thoughts, external and thinking-based decision-making styles, and higher vocational identity. Multiple regression procedures found that mindfulness, coupled with decision-making style, accounted for 31% of the variance in negative career thoughts and 22% of the variance in vocational identity. These findings suggest that more holistic career counseling interventions could incorporate mindfulness techniques to help reduce anxiety and negative thoughts while increasing self-clarity and problem-solving skills. Future research could include more diverse samples, additional constructs (e.g., choice volition, self-efficacy), and a pretest–posttest design to examine the efficacy of mindfulness-based career interventions.
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