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<p>The article sheds light on the Thakalis' social reform in Pokhara, Nepal. It starts with a survey of Bista's work and many recent articles. Though their population is relatively small, the Thakalis' entrepreneurship and rapid rise to wealth and power has prompted attention. The article discusses one of the main institutions responsible for this on-going social reform - the Thakali Samaj Sudhar Sangh (Thakali social reform organization) of Pokhara. The Thakalis often appear as a marginal people living just outside the ethnic and economic sphere of the kingdom of Mustang. Actually the Thakali have long controlled the salt trade, and their many other enterprises gave them a great deal of cash which is now available for investment in the rapidly expanding economies of the South. Trucking, construction, hotels, large farms, and the cloth business provide good opportunities for investment and migration has been seen as a good option. From 1951 to 1971 the Thakalis became the fourth largest group of immigrants coming to Pokhara. The Thakali social reform organization has launched many social-reforms. One of the first moves toward cultural cost-cutting was seen in the funeral practices of the Thakalis where only the services of a jhankari were required whereas earlier they had combined rituals performed by both lamas and jhankaris in a complicated and costly affair. Other such cost-cutting social reforms are discussed. (Rajeev Ranjan Singh 2007-01-04)</p>
<p>The article discusses the ecological constraints on trans-Himalayan trade in Nepal. It discusses the primary trade route where main markets and entrepots are interconnected. One such route is the route between Jomson and Butwal, along the Kali-Gandaki river in western Nepal. The participation of Thakali, Gurung, and Bhotiya ethnic groups in Himalayan trade is considered. The involvement of Newars is also discussed, along with a description of the good relations between Buddhism and Hinduism. The article starts with a quote from Haimendorf in which he writes that anthropologists have long recognized that economic organization is closely related with social relations. The article includes 7 leaves of plates. (Rajeev Ranjan Singh 2007-01-11)</p>
<p>The article discusses high altitude animal husbandry. A successful system of animal husbandry is a critical element in maintaining a successful trading system in an area with poor transportation such as the Himalayas. The article discusses some of the special features of Thakali high altitude husbandry. It is based on a survey of the Thakalis of the Thak Khola. It mainly focuses on the linkages between animal husbandry and trade in Thak Sat Sae. (Rajeev Ranjan Singh 2007-01-29)</p>
<p>This is a review by A. E. Manzardo of Christoph Von Fűrer-Haimendorf, <em>Himalayan Traders: Life in Highland Nepal</em>.</p>
<p>A short review of Jiro Kawakita, <em>The Hill Magars and Their Neighbors: Hill Peoples Surrounding the Ganges Plain</em>.</p>
<p>Manzardo attributes the economic success of the Thakalis' in Nepal to their techniques of impression management, adapting their image to work to their advantage in specific political and economic situations. (Mark Turin 2004-06-10)</p>