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We examined the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) in a sample of 810 undergraduate students. Using common exploratory factor analysis (EFA), we obtained evidence for a 1-factor solution (41.84% common variance). To confirm unidimensionality of the 15-item MAAS, we conducted a 1-factor confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Results of the EFA and CFA, respectively, provided support for a unidimensional model. Using differential item functioning analysis methods within item response theory modeling (IRT-based DIF), we found that individuals with high and low levels of nonattachment responded similarly to the MAAS items. Following a detailed item analysis, we proposed a 5-item short version of the instrument and present descriptive statistics and composite score reliability for the short and full versions of the MAAS. Finally, correlation analyses showed that scores on the full and short versions of the MAAS were associated with measures assessing related constructs. The 5-item MAAS is as useful as the original MAAS in enhancing our understanding of the mindfulness construct.
This study examined the relations among mindfulness, nonattachment, depressive symptoms, and suicide rumination in undergraduate college students (N = 552). Hypothesized pathways and mediation were tested using path analysis. As hypothesized, depressive symptoms were negatively associated with both mindfulness and nonattachment; and suicide rumination was negatively related to mindfulness and nonattachment, and positively associated with depressive symptoms. Moreover, the mindfulness–suicide rumination and nonattachment–suicide rumination associations were both in part, mediated by depressive symptoms. Implications for the improved treatment of young adults at risk for depression and suicidal behaviors are discussed.
This study examined the relations among mindfulness, nonattachment, depressive symptoms, and suicide rumination in undergraduate college students (N = 552). Hypothesized pathways and mediation were tested using path analysis. As hypothesized, depressive symptoms were negatively associated with both mindfulness and nonattachment; and suicide rumination was negatively related to mindfulness and nonattachment, and positively associated with depressive symptoms. Moreover, the mindfulness–suicide rumination and nonattachment–suicide rumination associations were both in part, mediated by depressive symptoms. Implications for the improved treatment of young adults at risk for depression and suicidal behaviors are discussed.
This study examined the relations among mindfulness, nonattachment, depressive symptoms, and suicide rumination in undergraduate college students (N = 552). Hypothesized pathways and mediation were tested using path analysis. As hypothesized, depressive symptoms were negatively associated with both mindfulness and nonattachment; and suicide rumination was negatively related to mindfulness and nonattachment, and positively associated with depressive symptoms. Moreover, the mindfulness–suicide rumination and nonattachment–suicide rumination associations were both in part, mediated by depressive symptoms. Implications for the improved treatment of young adults at risk for depression and suicidal behaviors are discussed.
Research has demonstrated that perceived stress and depression are risk factors for suicidal ideation in young adults, particularly women attending college. Female undergraduate students (N = 928) were administered measures assessing their levels of stress, depressive symptoms, suicidal thoughts, and mindfulness. A moderated-mediation analysis was conducted to examine the complex associations among these variables. Results indicated that mindfulness moderated the mediated effect of depressive symptoms on perceived stress and suicidal ideation. Specifically, the indirect effect was stronger in college women with lower levels of mindfulness as compared to those students who reported higher mindfulness. Thus, teaching mindfulness techniques on college campuses may be an important strategy for preventing suicide, especially among young adult women experiencing stress and depressive symptoms.