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To study the chemical constituents of <ce:italic>Saussurea eopygmaea</ce:italic>. The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by various chromatographic techniques. Their structures were determined on the basis of physical properties and spectroscopic data. Seventeen compounds were isolated and elucidated as octacosyl alcohol ( <ce:bold>1</ce:bold>), hexatriacontanol ( <ce:bold>2</ce:bold>), umbelliferone ( <ce:bold>3</ce:bold>), scopoletin ( <ce:bold>4</ce:bold>), isoscopoletin ( <ce:bold>5</ce:bold>), 1, 3, 7, 8-tetrahydroxyxanthone ( <ce:bold>6</ce:bold>), cinnamic acid ( <ce:bold>7</ce:bold>), stigmasterol ( <ce:bold>8</ce:bold>), campesterol ( <ce:bold>9</ce:bold>), cholesterol ( <ce:bold>10</ce:bold>), β-sitosterol ( <ce:bold>11</ce:bold>), apigenin ( <ce:bold>12</ce:bold>), acacetin ( <ce:bold>13</ce:bold>), deacylcynaropicrin ( <ce:bold>14</ce:bold>), kandavanolide ( <ce:bold>15</ce:bold>), acetylation of kandavanolide ( <ce:bold>16</ce:bold>) and robustaflavone 4′, 4″'-dimethyl ether ( <ce:bold>17</ce:bold>). Compounds <ce:bold>1</ce:bold>- <ce:bold>13</ce:bold> and <ce:bold>15</ce:bold>- <ce:bold>17</ce:bold> were isolated from the title plant for the first time.

Chemical investigation of the ethanolic extracts of the dried leaves of Bergenia purpurascens led to the isolation and identification of a new aromatic glycoside, 1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2-methoxy-3-hydroxyl-phenylethene (1), along with other 19 known compounds (2-20). The structure of compound 1 was determined by a detailed analysis using various analytical techniques, including 1D and 2D NMR. In vitro anti-proliferative activities of compound 1 on five human cancer cell lines were evaluated. The results showed that compound 1 possessed the most potent effects with the IC50 values of 14.36 ± 1.04 μM against T24 cells. The further bioactivity analysis showed that compound 1 induced apoptosis of T24 cells, and altered anti- and pro-apoptotic proteins, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and activation of caspase-3 for causing cell apoptosis. The present investigation illustrated compound 1 might be used as a potential antitumour chemotherapy candidate.