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Antioxidant potencies of an ethanolic extract and its components from <i>Lepidium latifolium</i> were investigated. In this study, we found that the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of <i>L. latifolium</i> was a rich source of antioxidant, resulting from its high total phenolic content. To determine the antioxidant components of the ethyl acetate fraction, a bioassay-guided fractionation approach using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonate), and ferric reducing antioxidant power assays were conducted. Nine compounds were isolated and their structures were identified by MS and NMR spectral data and comparison to reported data. They are Quercetin-3-O-β-<i>d</i>-sophoroside-7-O-α-<i>l</i>-rhamnoside (<i>1</i>), Apetalumoside B6 (<i>2</i>), Kaempferol-3-O-β-<i>d</i>-glucopyranosyl-(1-2)-β-<i>d</i>-glucopyranoside-7-O-β-<i>d</i>-glucopyranoside (<i>3</i>), Kaempferol-7-O-α-<i>l</i>-rhamnopyranoside (<i>4</i>), Kaempferol-3-O-β-<i>d</i>-glucopyranoside-7-O-α-<i>l</i>-rhamnopyranoside (<i>5</i>), Kaempferol-3-O-(2-O-feruloyl-β-<i>d</i>-glucopyranosyl-(1-2)-β-<i>d</i>-glucopyranoside)-7-O-glucopyranoside (<i>6</i>), Kaempferol-3-O-β-<i>d</i>-sophoroside-7-O-α-<i>l</i>-rhamnoside (<i>7</i>), Kaempferol-3-O-robinoside-7-O-(2″″-(E)-feruloyl)-sophoroside (<i>8</i>), Quercetin-3-O-(2,6-di-O-β-<i>d</i>-glucopyranosyl)-β-<i>d</i>-glucopyranoside-7-O-α-<i>l</i>-rhamnopyranoside (<i>9</i>), compounds <i>1</i>, <i>2</i>, <i>4</i>, and <i>8</i> had potent free radical scavenging activity. The IC<sub>50</sub> values of these compounds were 9.8-12.3 and 7.4-31.4 μg/mL in DPPH and ABTS assays, respectively. The results indicate that <i>L. latifolium</i> is a potential natural source of antioxidants to treat several diseases related to oxidant by-products of human metabolism.
A phytochemical investigation of <b>Lagotis brevituba</b> led to the isolation of 16 compounds, including five phenylpropanoids (<b>1</b>-<b>5</b>), eight flavonoids (<b>6</b>-<b>13</b>), one iridoid (<b>14</b>), one phenolic compound (<b>15</b>) and one triterpene (<b>16</b>). The structures of these compounds were identified by spectroscopic methods and a comparison of their data with those reported in the literature. This is the first report of compounds <b>1</b>, <b>2</b>, <b>7</b>-<b>13</b> and <b>15</b> from the genus <b>Lagotis</b>. The chemotaxonomic significance of these compounds has also been summarized.<br>• A phytochemical investigation of <b>Lagotis brevituba</b> led to the isolation of 16 compounds, including five phenylpropanoids (<b>1</b>-<b>5</b>), eight flavonoids (<b>6</b>-<b>13</b>), one iridoid (<b>14</b>), one phenolic (<b>15</b>) and one triterpene (<b>16</b>). • This is the first report of compounds <b>1</b>, <b>2</b>, <b>7</b>-<b>13</b> and <b>15</b> from the genus <b>Lagotis.</b>