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The present investigation examined the moderating role of mindful attention in the relation between rumination and posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms (i.e., re-experiencing, avoidance, arousal, and total PTSD symptoms) among trauma-exposed Latinos in a primary care medical setting. It was hypothesized that mindful attention would moderate, or lessen, the relation between rumination and all facets of PTS, even after controlling for clinically relevant covariates. Participants included 182 trauma-exposed adult Latinos (89.0% female; Mage = 37.8, SD = 10.6% and 95.1% reported Spanish as their first language) attending a community-based integrated healthcare clinic in the Southwestern United States. Mindful attention was a significant moderator of relations between rumination and all PTS facets. Specifically, rumination and PTSD symptoms were significantly related yet only in the context of low (vs. high) levels of mindful attention. Mindfulness-based skills may offer incremental value to established treatment protocols for traumatic stress, especially when high levels of rumination are present. Rumination may also serve to identify those who are at greatest risk for developing PTSD after trauma exposure and, therefore, most likely to benefit from mindfulness-based strategies.
Although primary care settings represent strategic locations to address mental health disparity among Latinos in the USA, there has been strikingly little empirical work on risk processes for anxiety/depression among this population. The present investigation examined the interactive effects of subjective social status and mindful attention in relation to anxiety and depressive symptoms and disorders among a low-income Latino sample in primary care (N = 384; 86.7% female; 38.9 years [SD = 11.4]). Results provided empirical evidence of an interaction between subjective social status and mindful attention for depressive, social anxiety, and anxious arousal symptoms as well as anxiety/depressive disorders. Inspection of the significant interactions revealed that subjective social status was related to greater levels of depression/anxiety among persons with lower levels of mindful attention. Together, these data provide novel empirical evidence for the clinically relevant interplay between subjective social status and mindful attention regarding a relatively wide array of negative emotional states among Latino primary care patients.