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Empirical evidence for the effectiveness of mindfulnessbased cognitive therapy (MBCT) is encouraging. However, dataconcerning the role of mindfulness in its relapse preventive effect
are lacking. In our study, 25 formerly depressed patients received
MBCT. Mindfulness was assessed before and immediately after
MBCT using the Mindful Attention and Awareness Scale. Mindfulness significantly increased during MBCT, and posttreatment levels
of mindfulness predicted the risk of relapse/recurrence to major
depressive disorder in the 12-month follow-up period. Mindfulness
predicted the risk of relapse/recurrence after controlling for numbers
of previous episodes and residual depressive symptoms. The results
provide preliminary evidence for the notion that mindfulness is an
important factor in relapse prevention in major depression.