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This study aimed to find a simple and effective mindfulness training method for intervening depression. 95 university students with moderate or severe depression participated in the study and they were divided into three mindfulness training groups: 8-week complete group, 8-week informal group, and 4-week group. All subjects completed Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-Ⅱ) and Five Fact Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) before the intervention, after which, 55 subjects completed the assessments once more. Results showed the scores of specific dimensions representing mindfulness levels were different. For the 4-week group, scores of description, action aware and nonjudge significantly were improved, while the other two groups were improved significantly on all the five dimensions, especially the informal training group. In the discussion, it focused more on the effects of training time and training contents, and briefly discussed the relation of subjects dropout, subjects attendance, homework completion status and intervention effects. In conclusion, all the three intervention modes have magnificent intervention effects. Integrated many sided, 8-week informal training is of the best effects, which may be considered as a better mindfulness training mode henceforth, however, the comparison between the formal training and informal training still needs further study.
OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents of Tibetan Madicine Wangla.METHOD: Sepearing the chemical constituents by means of chromatography and identifying their structures on the basis of MS and NMR spectra and TLC with authentic samples.
RESULT: Eight compounds were isolated as 4-[(4-hydroxyphenyl) methoxy]benzenemethanol(I), 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl methane(II), 4,4'-dihydroxydibenzyl ether(III), gastrodin(IV), 4-hydroxy benzenemethanol(V), 4-hydroxybenz aldehyde(VI), beta-sitosterol(VII) and beta-daucosterol(VIII).
CONCLUSION: All the compounds were obtained from genus Coeloglassum for the first time. The compound I is a new natural product.
Graphical abstract Highlights • The anti-hyperuricemia effects and active components of the traditional Tibetan medicine formula TFTS were investigated. • Total 106 compontents were identified or characterized in TFTS by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. • It was summarized the diagnostic ion and neutral loss patterns of MS/MS cracking of tannic compounds. Abstract TongFengTangSan (TFTS), a traditional Tibetan medicine comprising of Tinospora sinensis (TS), Terminalia chebula Retz (TC) and Trogopterori faeces (TF), is used to treat joint diseases like gout, gout arthritis, swelling, pain etc. Despite the significant therapeutic effects of TFTS, its pharmacological components have not been analyzed so far. Therefore, the chemical composition of the effective part of TFTS was analyzed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS). The results show that the ethanol extract (EE) of TFTS was more effective in reducing the serum uric acid (SUA) and XOD (Serum and Liver) levels in a hyperuricemic rats model compared to the TFTS raw powder (RP). UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS identified a total of 106 compounds in the positive and negative ion mode, of which 87 were from TC, 13 from TS and 6 from TF. In addition, 106 compounds contained 57 tannins, 6 triterpenoids, 10 alkaloids, 7 flavonoids, 22 organic acids and 4 phenylpropanoids. The preliminary results indicate that the EE of TFTS includes the active anti hyperuricemic substances. The present study first investigated the efficacy and the active components of TFTS in hyperuricemic treatment, and further summarized the diagnostic ion and neutral loss patterns of MS/MS cracking of tannic compounds. These findings lay the foundation for the further study and clinical application of TFTS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]